Category Archives: science

Why not ?

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History of the JFI | James Franck Institute

It might interest you that when we made the experiments that we did not read the literature well enough—and you know how that happens.

On the other hand, one would think that other people would have told us about it.

For instance, we had a colloquium at the time in Berlin at which all the important papers were discussed.

Nobody discussed Bohr’s paper.

Why not ?

The reason is that fifty years ago one was so convinced that nobody would, with the state of knowledge we had at that time, understand spectral line emission, so that if somebody published a paper about it, one assumed “probably it is not right.

So we did not know it. — James Franck

James Franck | American Institute of Physics

James Franck was a German physicist who won the 1925 Nobel Prize for Physics with Gustav Hertz “for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom”.

Niels Bohr’s Flight From the Nazis Was a Science Drama

And I would like to say that when we got the Nobel prize together, I was only pleased, because he had contributed so much and he was so much more able with experiments than I am, that we really supplemented each other quite well.

James Franck talking about his work with Gustav Hertz.

Love all.

(c) ram H singhal

Manne Siegbahn Institute

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Manne Siegbahn Biography - Childhood, Life Achievements & Timeline

Manne Siegbahn ( 1886 – 1978 ) was a Swedish physicist, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1924, for his work on X-ray spectroscopy.

Born in late nineteenth century in the southern Sweden, he had his schooling at Stockholm and university education at Lund.

Starting his career as a docent at the age of twenty-five at the University of Lund, he discovered a new group of wavelengths, known as the M series, in X-ray emission spectra, at the age of thirty and became full professor at thirty-four.

Later, he shifted to the University of Uppsala and remained there for next fourteen years. Here, he continued with his work on X-ray spectroscopy and established that X-rays, just as light, were electromagnetic radiation.

It was his work on X-ray spectroscopy, which earned him his Nobel Prize in Physics for year 1924 .

Later, he joined University of Stockholm and in the same year, he was chosen as the first director of the Nobel Institute of Physics, established by the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences. Here he initiated studies on nuclear physics and turned it into a center of excellence.

Young scientists from all over the world came here to work under his guidance. Today, the institute is known as Manne Siegbahn Institute.

Love all.

(c) ram H singhal

Habit of Attention

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Robert Millikan, US physicist - Stock Image - C026/4094 - Science ...

The fact that Science walks forward on two feet, namely theory and experiment,

Sometimes it is one foot that is put forward first, sometimes the other, but continuous progress is only made by the use of both-by theorizing and then testing, or by finding new relations in the process of experimenting and then bringing the theoretical foot up and pushing it on beyond, and so on in unending alterations. – Robert Andrews Millikan

Cultivate the ” Habit of Attention ” and try to gain opportunities to hear wise men and women talk.

Indifference and inattention are the two most dangerous monsters that you ever meet.

Interest and attention will insure to you an education. — Robert Andrews Millikan

Robert Andrews Millikan

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1923 was awarded to Robert Andrews Millikan (1868-1953) “for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect.”

Love All.

(c) ram H singhal

” Atom’s Way of Looking “

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Science Source - Niels Bohr, Danish Physicist

“The opposite of a correct statement is a false statement. But the opposite of a profound truth may well be another profound truth.”
― Niels Bohr

Young Niels Bohr

“Everything we call real is made of things that cannot be regarded as real.”
― niels bohr

“Every great and deep difficulty bears in itself it’s own solution. It forces us to change our thinking in order to find it.”
― Niels Bohr

“A physicist is just an ” Atom’s Way of Looking ” at itself.”
― Niels Bohr

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1922 was awarded to Niels Henrik David Bohr “for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them.”

Niels Bohr is one of the major voices in the early development of quantum mechanics.

Niels Henrik David Bohr

Bohr & Einstein Debates

Bohr & Einstein prolonged and spirited debate, the two great thinkers helped refine a century-long understanding of quantum physics.

Einstein’s famous quote that “God does not play dice with the universe,” to which Bohr is said to have replied, “Einstein, stop telling God what to do!” The debate was cordial, if spirited.

In a 1920 letter, Einstein said to Bohr, “Not often in life has a human being caused me such joy by his mere presence as you did.”

Love All.

(c) ram H singhal

” The Important Thing “

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I believe in standardizing automobiles. I do not believe in standardizing human beings. Albert Einstein

Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance you must keep moving. Albert Einstein

Learn from Yesterday, Live for Today, Hope for Tomorrow.

” The Important Thing “ is not to Stop Questioning

Albert Einstein

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1921 was awarded to Albert Einstein “for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect.”

 Albert Einstein is often cited as one of the most influential scientists of the 20th century. His work continues to help astronomers study everything from gravitational waves to Mercury’s orbit. 

Love all.

(c) ram H singhal

Heart of Watches

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Charles-Edouard Guillaume made a Paper Knife by using an alloy of steel and nickel which he had developed himself. there was something revolutionary and it changed the “Heart of Watches ” for ever.

Clockmakers struggled for years to find a solution to the impact of heat and cold on metals – in other words on clock movements and thus their accuracy.

Well, Guillaume was the man who solved the problem, when he invented invar, an alloy that does not react to changes in temperature.

This alloy is still used today, even in electronics.

Charles Édouard Guillaume ( 1861- 1938 ) won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1920, “in recognition of the service he has rendered to precision measurements in Physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys.”

His discovery of alloy ‘Invar’, that was impervious to thermal changes was regarded path-breaking in the field of science at that point. This was followed by his development of the alloy ‘Elinvar’.

Charles Édouard Guillaume was also the first to determine the ” Precise Temperature of Space “. He also authored several books related to his field of study.

Love all

(c) ram H singhal